Topics have been recruited from three sites in France: (a) Two addiction-specialized remedy services in French hospitals: Paul-Brousse Hospital in Villejuif and Nantes University Hospital; (b) Gamblers Anonymous meetings in Paris. We chose three websites of recruitment to get heterogeneous focus groups in order to explore as a lot as attainable varied points of the impression of gambling on HRQOL (Tong, Sainsbury, & Craig, ギャンブル依存症 対策 2007). Topics with a present or remitted problem playing have been proposed to enter the examine by face-to-face contact or phone call. They have been contacted first by their psychiatrist (for outpatients) then the investigator, or straight by the investigator at Gambling Nameless conferences. They received no financial compensation.
Inclusion criteria were: (a) A problem Playing Severity Index of the Canadian Drawback Playing Index (CPGI-PGSI) 9-item score above three throughout the past 12 months or in the lifetime (we selected this lower-off as a result of a CPGI score up to a few is associated with consequences related to playing and because it allows together with described totally different ranges of severity of drawback gambling) (Cox, Yu, Afifi, & Ladouceur, 2005; Ferris, Wynne, Ladouceur, Stinchfield, & Turner, 2001); (b) age 18 years or extra; (c) subjects had to present their signed and informed consent and had to be affiliated to Social Security. Exclusion standards had been: (a) learning difficulties that prevented studying and responding to questionnaires; (b) major physical comorbidity as judged by the investigator to have a big influence on the subject’s day-to-day life; (c) major psychiatric comorbidity (clinically assessed by a psychiatrist used to assess mental disorders and in a position to make diagnoses) that has a major affect on the subject’s day-to-day life (e.g., acute mania or current major depression); (d) current addictive comorbidity as assessed by clinicians’ judgment (with the exception of nicotine dependence); (e) being unable to provide totally informed consent; (f) vital cognitive impairment, clinically assessed; and (g) being beneath curatorship or guardianship. Demographics and disorder traits were collected. Substance use disorders had been assessed by the Mini-Worldwide Neuropsychiatric Interview 5.Zero (Sheehan et al., 1998).
The main focus groups were designed to make sure heterogeneity of the sample while conserving some homogeneity inside teams to ease dialogue and disclosure. They have been made up according to the next variables: age, intercourse, CPGI-PGSI score, present playing status, and kind of playing. We determined that no further inclusion was essential when there was a sampling saturation, that is, when two co-investigators (NAB and AL) estimated that no new matter had been formulated in two successive groups.